Did you know that you can have 3 of these four refractive errors at the same time? The terms describing the various vision conditions can be pretty confusing, especially when you are told that you have more than one of these! Myopia , or nearsightedness , occurs when an eye is larger than normal, causing it to be naturally focused up close.
Reading vision is usually great without glasses but distance vision is blurred. Myopia Nearsightedness. Schedule An Appointment. New Patient Information Form. About Your Insurance Form. Make a Payment Online. VisionCare Consultants. Patients with an astigmatism experience blurred or distorted visions at all distances and may have trouble driving at night.
They may also experience headaches, eye strain, or squinting. Like other refractive errors astigmatism can be corrected by wearing prescription glasses or contact lenses, or by undergoing eye surgery.
Refractive surgery such as laser eye surgery can permanently correct astigmatism by reshaping the cornea, eliminating the need for glasses or contact lenses. Presbyopia is unlike any of the other refractive errors we have discussed. Instead of being the result of the length or shape of your eye, or the curvature of your cornea, presbyopia is a refractive error that occurs naturally with age.
As we grow older the proteins in the lenses of our eyes begin to change. These changes can cause the lenses to become harder and less elastic, making it difficult for the eye to focus on close up objects. Patients with presbyopia often have trouble reading small print and seeing objects that are close to them.
To compensate they may hold reading material and other objects far away in order to examine them. They may also experience headaches and eye strain. Presbyopia is treated using specially designed eye glasses. These glasses are designed so that they have a higher focusing power on the lower portion of the lense, allowing you to read through the lower portion of the lens without your distance vision being affected.
The cause of refractive errors tends to be multifactorial with genetic inherited from parents in a variety of ways with some linked to other genetic disorders , and environmental factors playing a role. In astigmatism the abnormally curved cornea causes the lighted object to strike the retina in two different spots causing vision blurring for objects close or far away.
Hyperopia is caused by distant objects being focused behind the retina making objects up close appear out of focus.
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