Who owns science magazine

Image credit: Fig 3 by Szcykutowicz et al. In this paper, Mair and colleagues performed 5 autobiographical memory tests in young and older adults. Each test varied in its sensitivity to ageing, indicating that variable age effects in the autobiographical memory literature are at least partly due to the use of different tasks. Here he shares some reflections on the conference and outcomes so far. Salesse and colleagues determine if it is possible to identify if ancient cremated remains wore leather shoes, helping us to understand funerary customs.

Image credit: Fig 1 by Salesse et al. Rinkert and colleagues effectively identified plant species from bird nests by DNA barcoding approach. Image credit: Fig 1 by Rinkert et al. Chung and colleagues examined how the genetic background may contribute to exercise phenotype responses to training interventions in the untrained population.

The U. Copyright Office has helped, but fixing the right to repair is now up to Congress. Kyle Wiens Opinion. This form of recall may control immune responses beyond the central nervous system.

Fluvoxamine is both inexpensive and highly effective at preventing mild COVID from turning severe. A high-fat diet is thought to increase the risk of a heart attack. Coronavirus infections might cause lasting harm to the heart, even in those who have never had symptoms.

A look at methods and technologies that are transforming the work of psychiatrists and psychologists. View All Articles. Photos and videos from all the disciplines of science. See the full collection. Credit: Ted Kinsman Science Source. Our electric grid is old and fraying, but new technology could insulate us from the possibility of widespread blackouts and cyberattacks. In fact, it was a principled stance that may herald a revolution in the way science is shared around the world.

Elsevier makes huge profits on its journals , generating billions of dollars a year for its parent company RELX. This is a story about more than subscription fees. The University of California is not the only institution fighting back.

Now imagine that the company overseeing the road work charged its workers a fee rather than paying them a salary. And if you, the taxpayer, want to access the road today, you need to buy a seven-figure annual subscription or pay high fees for one-off trips. Indeed, the industry built to publish and disseminate scientific articles — companies such as Elsevier and Springer Nature — has managed to become incredibly profitable by getting a lot of taxpayer-funded, highly skilled labor for free and affixing a premium price tag to its goods.

Academics are not paid for their article contributions to journals. They often have to pay fees to submit articles to journals and to publish.

Publishers and journal editors say there are steep costs associated with digital publishing, and that they add value at every step: They oversee and manage peer reviewers and editors, act as quality gatekeepers, and publish an ever-larger number of articles each year. We spoke with executives at both Elsevier and Springer Nature, and they maintain their companies still provide a lot of value in ensuring the quality of academic research.

But critics, including open access crusaders, think the business model is due for a change. They just want to protect their profits and their business model as long as they can. And it grows more expensive for universities every year. Now the status quo is slowly shifting. This disparate band of revolutionaries is waging war on the scientific publishing industrial complex on three fronts:. If they succeed, the cloistered, paywalled way that science has been disseminated for the past century could undergo a massive transformation.

The walls, in other words, could fall. If paywalls fall, the impact would reverberate globally. Until that changes, the walls will remain firmly intact. Scientific journals, published mainly by small scientific societies, sprouted up alongside the printing industry in the 17th century as a way to disseminate science and information about scientific meetings.

Like all pre-internet publishing models, early journals sold subscriptions. After World War II, the business changed dramatically. The journals — which were mostly based in Europe — focused on selling subscriptions internationally, targeting American universities flush with Cold-War era research funding.

As more and more journals popped up, publishing companies began consolidating. By , their share rose to 53 percent. No single publisher embodies the consolidation, and the increase of costs, more than Elsevier, the biggest and most powerful scientific publisher in the world.

The Dutch company now publishes nearly half a million articles in its 3, journals, including the influential Cell , Current Biology , and The Lancet. And the consolidation, the lack of competition, means publishers can get away with charging very high prices. When the internet arrived, electronic PDFs became the main medium through which articles were disseminated. But instead of adopting a new business and pricing model to match the new means of no-cost dissemination, consolidation gave academic publishers the freedom to raise prices.

Starting in the late s, publishers increasingly pushed sales of their subscriptions into large bundled deals. The publishers argue the new mode of digital delivery has come with an array of additional costs. The publishers also say that the volume of articles they publish every year increases costs, and that libraries ought to be funded to pay for them.